I Connect my House TO Public Network of DRINKING WATER

I Connect my House TO Public Network of DRINKING WATER ©

1  Legal Aspect 
1.1 Drinking water
1.1.1 Responsibilities and limits
1.1.2 Municipality, the Union, "Farmers' Dealers ...
1.1.3 The agencies and the bill.
1.1.4 A word about sanitation
1.1.5 The official licences town planning certificate, Building Permission 
1.2 Health Regulations Department
1.2.1 Restrictions responsibilities networks.
1.2.2 Obligation Connection
1.2.3 Requirement of no return water and accuracy of metering
1.2.4 The service pressure
1.3 The concept of public and private domain
1.4 Rules of Service Staff Union
1.4.1 Where and how to connect (homeless counter)
1.4.2 Obligations of no return water
1.4.3 Who implements Public Works
1.4.4 Type and location of metering
1.4.5 The freezing
1.4.6 Other points
2 Practicality
2.1 The HDPE pipe and fittings
2.1.1 The HDPE pipe and fittings
2.1.2 The public part
2.1.3 The private part and private excavation
2.2 The type of shelter for the meter
2.2.1 Manhole concrete
2.2.2 Manhole prefabricated
2.3 The meter, the shut-off valve, the valve
2.4 Isolation of Manhole
2.5 The Cap
3 Case For a manhole common to several owners

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Preamble

I have made this article a few better in translation than google. My English or American is very far (I am more 60 years old). I have replaced many terms out of technical sens, but this is not perfect, I now. I have developed this articles only for your convenience, and you must take care to the French legislation wich is not the same as in your country.
Generally the ideas are enough near in all country, but not especially the same.
The temperature will also substantially modify the realization in your country.
There is an other article is in English (about pressure reducer) and you must click only the corresponding flag on the reception page of the second blog "lokistagnepas".
This last blog is more oriented to Conveyance drinking water and less tinkering.
This translation was not originally planned, but after reading the statistics of the blog, I realized that there was a real demand for advice in Conveyance Drinking Water (CDW, in French AEP). I will start by explaining the legal aspect, because it is a very important point and always subject to conflicts with the concessionaire.
And then we will move to the practical aspect which does not present any difficulties, but only a lot of points and warnings.
If I told nonsense say it too!
Good luck to read, you can set a comment at the end if you are happy about. You can also ask a question in the same manner.

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1 Legal Aspect

1.1 Drinking water

1.1.1 Responsibilities and limits

The distribution of drinking water is the responsibility of Mayors of Commons or town, or the President of the structure (public or private) that the mayor has delegated his duties. So there is still place to get closer to the town hall to find out who is responsible for drinking water or networks CDW (Conveyance Drinking Water)

1.1.2 Municipality, the Union, "Farmers' Dealers ...

The mayor of a town who do not wish to "bother" with drinking water may subcontract, to the extent that his council is in agreement, the water utility to a public or (union) in private (with submit a marketplace).
The drinking water has an obligation to achieve results. It is controlled by the DDASS (French equivalent Food and Drug Administration) regarding water quality (absence of germs…)
It should also be recalled that drinking water is not chemically pure water, but good water to taste and smell, fresh and not containing germs that may cause health disorders or diseases, or hazardous chemicals.

A union may consolidate the distribution of water over several towns (it is the union that is the strength). Free to the Union to ensure its own distribution and maintenance of the network, or conversely, it may insofar as her office Director is in agreement, subcontract part or in full its mission.
It can subcontract to private groups are well known, which will charge subscribers and maintain the network. These groups are called "farmers".

NOTE important public structures are prohibited from making a profit, while private structures must do.
In reality both have shaped their advantages and disadvantages.
So the private work for the short term only (contracts in the range of 10 to 25 years), and audiences tend to have some fun and play the generous policies...

They could also be governed private, but it is for the moment quite rare.
A farmer out that usually reflects the structure of a union official.

The ownership of facilities and networks is generally municipalities or the union, and I have never seen… farmers?

Often referred to the agency managing, the water supplies system by the "dealership".

1.1.3 The agencies and the bill.

The Water agencies are organized by watersheds and help financially by the different structures of subsidies.
The National Trust FNDAE (National Foundation of Water Conveyance) participates in research tablecloths and modernization of the networks.
The value pollution is a tax based on the towns with more than 400 people which reflects calculations by scientists from the effort by a municipality to treat its sanitation.
The tax levy (natural environment), (small percentage) can also search for new areas with the expectation this time all of the water withdrawn (resident's leaks + fire + travellers people…)

1.1.4 A word about sanitation tax

Sanitation is a tax which is due in proportion to the M3 consumed in drinking water. Indeed these M3 can be found sooner or later in the wild and polluted.
This explains why you sometimes 2 lifters of water meters (one for drinking water and one for sanitation).

1.1.5 The official licences town planning certificate, Building Permission 

A town planning Certificate certifies that you will build and you can be connected to major networks (electricity and drinking water). Sanitation can be individually.
For Building Permits, are the same thing, but more precise, since the plans exist then.

It should be noted that for drinking water, both of documents suggesting that you are located less than 100 meters from the public network (Town Planning and Housing Act in an area building).

(ATTENTION the cost of the public part of your connection you will normally be charged, see below). All time, the construction of a new adductor you will not be charged.

1.2 Health Regulations Department

This text is specific to each department, but in general it comes from a common model and all health regulation is therefore very close to each other. This important text that defines the following paragraphs:

1.2.1 Restrictions responsibilities networks.

The limit is clear, as it is the meter, which is owned by the concessionaire. To be more precise, it's not as simple as it seems, because the network side is normally "sealed" by a lead or a plastic ring. (It is not permitted to return his meter and it can be expensive!)

The nut connection after counter is made available to both parties, and an exchange of meter by the concessionaire can sometimes result in a leak later subscriber (to be recorded by the meter!)
If you are manipulate the nut after meter, be very careful that the meter is not running on the nut front counter, as you would do this time a leak to the concessionaire, by destruction of joint!
A subscriber is generally required to report any leaks, it is normal, and this will relieve all your bills, and in addition it is a reflex citizen.

1.2.2 Obligation Connection

You have obligation to get connected to the public service of potable water, especially if you have activities where you receive. (Restaurants…)
Responsibility for water quality is to the structure which is responsible (Licensee!) That responsibility goes to the tap of the user which is not quite normal, since we is now in private domain. The role of the concessionaire is to remove doubt and the need to advise the customer to perform work if the problems are in its installation.

1.2.3 Requirement of no return water and accuracy of metering 

One of the most important is not to return on the public network of water from your private supply (and it is possible by the water heater or a pump, for example).
It's so important that very often the dealer replaces the subscriber and set after meter a valve also called "cartridge purge" which allows the passage of water in only one direction (from the network to the subscriber ).
This valve is a minimum level of protection, and although posed by the Licensee in general, you have full responsibility! (See section 1.2.1)
In most sensitive cases, a disconnector (special valve with controlled pressure area), or even a tank buffer can be imposed by the DDASS or dealer. (Pollution control plants, dairies, high-risk industries… etc)

If you decide to feed your toilet by rainwater, you are normally obliged to install a disconnector (with output drain to the sanitation).
A bill in 2008 would impose a tank buffer with overflow with in the case of an emergency over the public network. (The state aid is possible to obtain information tanks)
Beware of disconnectors leaks because water is lost if something goes wrong, but in general it means or is.

1.2.4 The service pressure

There are few unions that have defined minimum and maximum pressures, as it is very difficult to comply with: (Pressure different pumping losses network load, altitude.)
There is often a minimum pressure given in health regulations, which may be of 0.3 bars at the highest point on Housing… It's little! If this is your case, you may want to install a small booster to be able to complete the circuit of your boiler or use your super cab with hydro conveniences…

1.3 The concept of public and private domain

Regarding the land, it was the act of lawyer that defines your limits of private land. Anything not appears to be private is public (or collective standard if private road)
Attention to this last point in particular for housing estate that will not be picked up by the municipalities… (It is very expensive to the user!)
During the implementation phase of your meter shelter, it is up to you to indicate your limits Field...

Regarding the meters existing areas of expertise is provided on this equipment (on the nut output). Usually arriving in the pipe of meter type is public.
But this is not an absolute rule, as in the case of a private housing estate, it may be the responsibility of the Trustee or manager.
The public service is now provided at the border SYSTEMATICALLY delineating the public and private spaces.

The meters in houses will be phased out and facilities renovated by dealers. Require the full rehabilitation without join connections because the risk of leakage on the old equipment is high. (Otherwise refuse)

If you want more information on the subject of French legality you can see another article on the legislation on the work of drinking water (lokistagnepas blog use google to translate)

1.4 Rules of Service Staff Union

The rules of service must be given to you when you sign your subscription, but you can of course ask before, it's always very interesting to read it beforehand.
This paper sets out the following:

1.4.1 Where and how to connect (shelter meter)

It is stated in the rules how you will be connected to the public, knowing that you will usually provide a shelter for the meter. This shelter can be prefabricated type or traditional (see below)
(If it is a private house estate, it is the same but this time it was the developer or the Trustee who decided how it was organizing shelters counters.)
The precise point on the main line will normally be determined by fountain man of the concessionaire. A quote or work memory you will normally be delivered before connecting real.

Ensure mainly that there is no join connection AFTER meter (or define clearly by a recommended letter responsibility of the person who has done). This case is about the frequent glances prefabricated called "freeze-out".

1.4.2 Obligations of no return water

The rules may define more completely the establishment of the valve or the anti-backflow device (cartridge purge). For information, the no return valve if not present can lead to errors in metering passages unseasonable water compression / decompression private network (mainly due to the water heater)
NOTE: no return valves integrated into the security units of cumulus are ineffective after a very short time.

1.4.3 Who implements Public Works

It is the responsibility of the dealer network to undertake work on the public highway, with the various approvals necessary DICT (Declaration of Intent to Begin Works sent to all other dealers networks), the General Council, DDE (A) (Department Direction of Equipment (+ Agriculture), etc. …
The licensee may delegate his work, but remains responsible (in the case of accidents on public roads…) There may be licensed businesses which alone can satisfy their knowledge to face the charge which remains the dealer network.

1.4.4 Type and location of metering

The shelter counting device is often defined in the regulation of service. It can be a manhole concrete dimensional XY, or a manhole prefabricated or manhole insulated wall integrated into closing…. (See recommendations)
This shelter metering must allow access to fountain man, meter reader from the public domain (Route Road…) without crossing the private domain.
Thus a gap in the wall fence must be equipped to not enter the property.
Currently government services often impose parking spaces in front of the houses.
The manhole of metering can be placed, often in the middle of the passage of entry to prevent pressures on rolling manhole.

1.4.5 The freezing

The rule of service to attract the attention of the subscriber, the freeze on the meter. The customer is always responsible and always pay the bill! (See the following section insulation)

1.4.6 Other points

Many other practices and techniques are generally defined in this document.
Read carefully.

2 Practicality

It is now forbidden to make any "connections on turnout," since it leads to situations inextricable legally and a disservice to all.
All connections are usually made from a public adductor under the public domain. There are exceptions, as previously pipes were drawn in a straight line on the private domain and there still! Inform you.

2.1 The HDPE pipe and fittings

2.1.1 The HDPE pipe and fittings

The HDPE pipe "Blue Band" (High Density Polyethylene) is an excellent product which replaces the Lead, which is prohibited. Blue characterizes employment "drinking water". The plastic pipe diameters are given in outside diameters. (20, 25, 32, 40,50,63).

The plastic fittings / copper are not all of equal quality, and manufacturers' draw' on the raw material. I am not going to advertise but only towards the principles that I think good.

You should prefer fittings which achieves by sealing O-rings. Do not take connections working at a compression join.
Be sure, however, in the case of O-rings, not to damage them by cutting a "wild" of HDPE pipe. You should make a "beautiful chamfer" (outside (and inside)) so as not to injure the joint!
Use only equipment 16 BARS minimum.
Make sure that the brass parts were made in an alloy non-dézinsifiable "(brass alloy is made of copper and zinc in zinc migrates long, which gives the red brass. What remains futures as copper, too soft)

2.1.2 The public part

Remember that the meter and shelter will be placed on the field PRIVATE FACILITIES since PUBLIC field and generally at the edge of ground along the highway.

Your house will be powered by the public water network! This is the concessionaire that has that responsibility to the public part.
It can, but it should not leave you assure yourself the excavation, your usual road. (This happens often, however)
In case of an accident on the public domain, it is the dealer who is responsible, and it will not fail to turn to you and your road to minimize his sentence.
Remember, the DDE and / or General Council ensure pavement conditions, and a poorly compacted excavation (in whole-from necessarily), give way and you will then be ordered to fund the renovation, In addition to a possible fine.

Normally the dealer raises its own material: HDPE pipe, valve connection sheath, caps, etc. You have no right to impose material on this part of the connection. (Except any plugs see below)
Never take this responsibility, not yours. One could blame you in the future.
This first part of pipe will be the main (adductor) punching ships with a valve connection with mouth-key, and then up to the device of metering. The fountain man will connect the meter, (often with a no return valve casing on output).
The concessionaire has the section he thought might be correct for you to have the best service (flow / pressure / quality) sometimes from a printout that you complete and accurate flow requirements.

To fix ideas in the general case, and under the pressure of the site, a pipe 25 or 32 mm in 16 BARS (even if you did that 2 bars) agreed. But it is the decision of the concessionaire…
There are exceptions, mainly in cases of very low pressure (near the reservoir) supplies 40mm are recommended. This will also be the case when the length is important.
A special feed Alsatian (French province with town Strasbourg) is still 40mm or more (flush live on the network!) What a waste and what unnecessary risks (for the customer as to his union)! The average age is over long…!

In the case of subdivisions houses, the public part (or the driveway) is already created. With less than the "home" to achieve.

2.1.3 The private part and excavation private

Insist of HDPE blue stripe major distributors and in the variety 16 BARS. The diameter is generally identical to the dealer, but not necessarily. (Note to new bathrooms guzzlers flow / pressure). For a house, and pressures of 3 to 5 bars, a 32 mm is generally well designed. (Beyond 5 bars, a pipe of 25 mm may be sufficient) If required to seek advice fountain man.

The 16 bars is a safe anti-leak. This resistance also protects you in case the dealer decides to a question of changing the operating pressure, (he has the right).
You do not start all over again in the beautiful lawn if there is no duct…

The excavation in private land is the sole responsibility of the individual! In general it will transfer all networks in the same excavation. (Namely electricity, telecommunications, drinking water, sanitation sometimes).
It will be necessary to put drinking water between 80 centimeters and 1 meter. I can not go to less than 70 centimetres even in the south of France, and 90 centimeters in the north, because, given the current climate, the extreme events take significant proportions.
(I recommend 1 metre coverage).
Also note that the depth is an important security "anti-clash" with any gear

For questions of possible intervention, separate networks of at least 40 centimetres and working in excavations storied as needed. (Remember the warning fences placed 20 cm above the networks). If the fence does not include wire at the center, put a galvanized wire (or better stainless steel or copper) with each end than in the manhole and in the house. (This will enable early detection of possible subsequent to locate in 30 or 50 years…)
The distance between (private) networks can be reduced to almost zero if you put ringed duct color (blue for drinking water, yellow for gas, green and red telecom electricity)

Should you put a jacket to move the pipe? It is not the price that it costs, and I think it is better to save one, and the smallest possible section (often 63mm). The jacket provides protection HDPE, reduces the width of excavation and eliminates the need to sand).
"The medal", however, has a setback in the sense that the jackets are outstanding large section pipes which can lead to water infiltration (ground) directly in your home especially if it is below. (See diagram type of diet down above)
Then you will need at least plugs side view of counting, if the house is below the manhole.
If manhole are below important compared to the main line, insist that the concessionaire put a cap on the casing possible he will be placed under the road, just after the mouth-key (if any).

If the house is below the metering manhole, stop the jacket at 1 meter or 2 before the house and put a "closet" marl up penetration to avoid infiltration.
If you do not put jacket, ask the HDPE on a bed of sand and 1 or 2 meter before the house just above putting marl up penetration.

In two cases to a very good putty to be a perfect match of penetration (to avoid silicone, which is not really adapted and reacted perhaps with the HDPE?.

ATTENTION to the other networks because it's the Same! We must ALL do!

A VERY IMPORTANT point is the absence of any join buried along the entire length of HDPE private. (This is the best insurance zero leakage)

ADVICE :In the excavation thus put a jacket over, so you do any move to re different cables: report index meter, bell, portal, video… etc.

2.2 The type of shelter for the meter

The rules service is generally specified the type of shelter registered for the meter. In the case of concrete manhole, if possible, try to have a support meter... It is mechanically more stable than two ends of pipes that carry a meter ... (see photo)

2.2.1 Manhole concrete

It is the process as simple, and often best suited to drinking water.
f you impose this type, then make sure it is drained to a low point.
If you can, and that it is in agreement with the concessionaire, made the expense of a view of 800 mm, consists of two elements called "réhausses" (concrete cage or concrete boxes without bottom?) concrete slab and covered by adjusting cast-iron manhole cover.
(For novices, the cover-manhole is simply the "cover").

Insist for cast-iron cover manhole which are much more robust than cover-manhole galvanized steel, and which are unlikely to fall to the bottom of the manhole (for the round shape).
The concrete cover-manhole are prohibited in general, because too heavy to lift for meters readers, dangerous and fragile in shock.

In mabhole enhances consist of a 40 or 50 cm followed with a hopper symmetrical or not 60 or 50 cm were born (with mussels specific) for this application. The "funnel" is able to get a cover-manhole set by melting a mastic shock. It exists but it should not be on the Internet because they are local productions that may be shown later depending on the wishes of manufacturers and retailers.

(The manhole used in drinking water typically do not have background (to evacuate by water infiltration possible) These are only boxes stacked.)

This manhole combines the ease of intervention for fountain man, excellent strength and coverage deemed solid cast-iron. For "inhabitants" who find ugly large slabs reduction, this problem is greatly improved! The cost is also lower because of the absence of the concrete slab off.

The next concrete manhole also gives you enough room to accommodate any pressure reducer. (See photo section head with a manhole, RAV (Valve Befor Meter), meter,  pipe, starting high pressure and start with pressure reducer for the house)

2.2.2 Prefabricated Manhole

It is now commonplace to leering prefabricated manhole also called "tanky ?" or manhole off-freeze, whose connections are often made with electro-Weldable sleeves, which are good processes in theory, but the implementation of which may once pose problems.

I do NOT advocate of those looks where everything is tight and the elements of which have been miniaturized to the extreme, to the point of release to the first water hammer… If your dealer is willing to look concrete, the preferred, Of course it will be at your own expense (to negotiate the cost delta), but you will gain peace of mind. (Excavation work at your expense ... normal)

If the connection of the subscriber HDPE (located in the ground after the non return integrated) coward, which is responsible for M3 lost. This is not the customer! Who carried out the electro-welding? It is not very clear!

These prefabricated manhole are quite popular, as claimed primarily a matter for aesthetic (less bulk), and a facility to raise some meter.
The meters are, however, special types (coaxial meters) that are worth more expensive than standard computers.
Those manhole, plastic still remain at risk of freezing, and the position of meter high (position relative to the ground) can be a problem in very cold regions. The fireworks based on the latent heat can level the problem, it adds to the price. The game is worth the candle it?

Who has given fairing poorly insulated? It is not me, this is the meter reader… etc. If polystyrene insulation is damaged, the danger of frost has potential… Polystyrene remains a fragile material! The war responsibilities is committed ...

There are also manhole prefabricated traditional connection with that are better from that point of view, but still very fragile in passing trucks.

2.3 The meter, the shut-off valve, the valve

In the next will take place in the order since HDPE from the main adductor:

- The shut-off valve BEFORE meter (RAV), which is accessible to maneuver AND dealer to the customer. This valve is usually coupled with a connection for the HDPE (later public network), (a straight or curved). Due to its position it is the responsibility of the concessionaire only.
- The meter whose length is usually 170 mm for a meter in diameter DN15 is connected to the RAV with a joint flat. Models 110 mm are also possible.
- The diameter of the meter depends on the speed and instantaneous means of the customer. This characteristic is most often determined by the dealer, who judge the situation, that the meter registers the best rates peak and low flows, without deterioration.
- The output of the meter is a non-return valve (a straight or curved), which also acts decompression from one side to another valve, the screw after meter. Side subscriber, as later meter. These screws purges must be verified correctly closed. It is the responsibility of the subscriber, because it is after meter!
- Is then the fitting "Plastic / copper" often called the "junction" and HDPE who departed the house.

- If the meter valve before is not waterproof, a possible leak you will not be blamed because it belongs to tap dealer who did not check its proper functioning.

Should we put a stop valve AFTER counter? I will answer NO! Indeed a valve is always a risk of leak, and as there is a non return valve, the dismantling of the nut after preplavili not meter the manhole, so it's not really necessary, especially if you forget, as many , monitor from time to time if anything went wrong in the manhole!
Un élément de moins=Un problème de moins (dans ce cas !) An element of a problem = less than (in this case!)
I recommend however if there are several departures, and only in this case.

2.4 Isolation of Manhole

Know that isolating a meter is useless… Let me explain:
The isolation of the light is designed to prevent heat coming from the basement to escape (heat rises).
The soil is warm to 1 meter deep and it does not freeze at that depth (in France at an altitude <600 metres). Therefore trap calories contained in the soil and block directly at the counter for all the equipment does not freeze.
It is no point of isolating the meter. It will freeze anyway, but a little later.
Any isolation occasional delay variation (+ or -) temperature that will be applied to this point).
(Do not shell packaging polystyrene meter! It is a humbug!)

In our case, this is all the manhole that must be protected (RAV valve) the meter, the non return valve, junctions)
This insulation will be easily removed to access the RAV, meter and valve.It will be made up of 2 polystyrene half plates 10 cm with covered joints, or more plastic bags type trash at least 100 litres, and filled with chips or shavings polystyrene.
Never use WOOL GLASS neither these other types of insulation (straw, wood chips polystyrene directly in the manhole (no bag))

(The liquid water that covers the elements of fountain work (meter valve ...) is also an excellent antifreeze, but if there is a polystyrene above, it will simply float, and it's perfect) .

2.5 The cap 

The ringed ducts (jacket) are real natural water pipes (infiltration). These ronged ducts are not considered tight, but they are still very often, thank you gentlemen manufacturers!
This natural water that is not provided by the network AEP can seep into the house at the site of penetration of the pipe.
It is necessary to understand this phenomenon that has long been ignored and left without solutions.

There are trade cap which are ALWAYS place at the highest point. These caps shut the ringed jacket leaving the only passage of the pipe.
(It does not place the caps to the lowest since setting the charge blew up)

If you do not find this kind of devices, empty polyurethane a bomb at the entrance to the ring jacket. It is less well it works but also, and to my knowledge there is no chemical reaction with HDPE ?.
This not especially for the arrival of water pipe, but also for all the other networks.

It's really the misery of seeing a beautiful brand new house with 20 centimeters of water in the basement. Some manufacturers are really very negligent, because professionals know that in configurations where there is risk of putting in charge, there are provisions to be taken ...

Even a word, to insist on a subject which is adjacent the method of laying pipelines AEP (adductor). Today the adductor landed on a bed of crushing stone from 0-31.5. The whole is then covered with about 40 cm of the same materials, and then land (roadside for example). The excavation is completely filled with everything from in the case of an excavation under pavement and near the road. The whole is then compacted carefully.
What I have to do, it's not my problem…!

Well if, because in turn, these excavations materials crushed (this is mandatory) are real water reservoirs infiltration, whose volume is really huge (sometimes several hundred M3: Example: 200 meters of excavation 0.6m wide and 1.20m height = 144 M3 count only 20% of free volume for water, it still gives 29 M3)

So this is one more reason to be very careful with the water infiltration…

3 For a manhole common to several owners

This is the case for symmetrical terraced houses, a turnout of pasture and some old cases. This is really a poisoned chalice. Indeed financially each of the owners can find an advantage in the financing of such a manhole. (But especially in general contracting work, or the developer, leaving with happiness future owners to fend for later saved by having a manhole full) But love has only one time, and everything will depend on the precise position of manhole and good intelligence of the owners.

Under increased pressure of the legislation, and given the direction of current developments, it is imperative that each owner has their own manhole, as this is the only responsible, it must be on his ground and accessible from the public domain (and the adjoining!).

If a manhole is positioned precisely half on each of 2 properties, evil is only reduced by half! It is far from being eliminated… And why? 

1 Maintenance of a manhole is applied by the distributors to allow an easy and quick counters and the health personnel. In this scheme, of course, it will always be to another (owner) to take the necessary… (see photo of the pitiful state of some regards, for information on the stones are the valves and pipes!)

2 The re-establishment of the insulation must be made consciously by one (or the other). Often in this context and to complicate matters, only one of the two meters freezes. So the question turns to charge either the distributor or on the other neighbour who did express…

3 Characters possible buffer non-standard concrete (otherwise prohibited) or hinge broken on cover manhole galvanised steel will increase tensions. On this latter type of buffer, hinges windows were sometimes used in the joints of half-doors. These hinges are rusted and broken, and a half door may fall on the hydraulic equipment and computers break or other materials. So what meter is broken? (
This also happens with old steel rectangular covers posed with features summaries lock.

4 Finally, if the manhole is completely on a neighbour's property (which is the most usual, since the precision of the measurements is a shovel bucket on land whose boundaries are already partially buried), the blurring between neighbours that one of the owners can no longer legally access to its counter, with all the consequences that this entails.

5 This situation can be further complicated in the case of agriculture where all manhole sometimes up to N computers belonging to as many different owners. (See photo)

6 Some manhole of distributor serve homeless individuals meters, then of course, the particular exemption from any interview. Yes wholesale and it was happening in the old days: "You spend your pipes in my field, but you make me feel free connections in your manhole (or drain suction cup) At that time it was so!

In all these cases, if you are offered such a situation, YOU HAVE to DECLINE because it is legally incorrect and a source of innumerable problems later.
Do not laugh, it really exists, I attended only a few cases actually encountered (not all sets fortunately!)

You can see also an article about "legislation to work drinking water in public or private domain", that you can translate with google. For easy call, I suggest you to search this text "Le type d'ouvrage souterrain pour l'eau potable lokistagnepas" . (This is in my second blog lokistagnepas) Select Translate this page !

Thank you for your comments or questions and make sure your connection in drinking water.

I hope to have yielded good pipes ...!

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